MMP-9 as a diagnostic marker for Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a common gynecological condition associated with chronic pain, infertility, and reduced quality of life. Despite medical advances, current diagnostic methods remain limited in early detection and the assessment of mild lesions. This study investigates the potential of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as a reliable serum biomarker for early diagnosis and severity stratification of the disease.

MMP-9: A key to early diagnosis of Endometriosis?

Fifteen studies involving 996 patients with endometriosis were analyzed and compared to 582 controls. Results showed that serum MMP-9 levels were significantly higher in patients with endometriosis compared to healthy controls (p < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis further indicated that MMP-9 concentrations increase with disease severity (advanced stages (III-IV) versus early stages (I-II)). Additionally, the research confirmed an overexpression of the MMP-9 gene in endometrial tissues, coupled with the activation of pathways involved in immune regulation, T-cell differentiation, and TNF cytokine production, highlighting the critical role of MMP-9 in endometriosis-related inflammation.