Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus – toward new treatments ?

By Ana Espino | Published on May 6, 2026 | 4 min read


Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies and systemic inflammation that can affect multiple organs, including the central nervous system. When the latter is involved, the condition is referred to as neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE), a common and particularly disabling form that may affect up to 80% of patients.

NPSLE encompasses a wide range of manifestations, from cognitive impairment, fatigue, mood disorders, or psychosis, to more focal conditions such as stroke or seizures. While some forms can be managed symptomatically, diffuse central nervous system involvement remains difficult to treat and represents a major unmet medical need.