Minimally invasive surgery in symptomatic bone trigonia

The trigone bone is frequently involved in heel pain. This pain has traditionally been managed by surgical excision. In this systematic review, researchers evaluated the outcomes and complication rates associated with minimally invasive surgery in symptomatic bone trigone. Of the 885 studies identified, only 17 (for a total of 435 patients) met the inclusion criteria. Minimally invasive surgery appeared to be a viable alternative to open surgery in terms of clinical outcome, return to sport and complication rate. Minimally invasive surgery had an overall complication rate of 5%, mostly transient neurapraxia of the sural or superficial peroneal nerve.