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Colorectal cancer: mRNA nanobodies open a new avenue in immunotherapy
11 mars 2026

By Elodie Vaz | Published on March 11, 2026 | 3 min readColorectal cancer remains a major challenge in oncology. Immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoints have transformed the management of many tumors, but their effectiveness in this disease remains limited. Most patients present with so-called microsatellite-stable tumors, which are poorly responsive to treatments targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 imm
Colorectal cancer remains a major challenge in oncology. Immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoints have transformed the management of many tumors, but their effectiveness in this disease remains limited.
Most patients present with so-called microsatellite-stable tumors, which are poorly responsive to treatments targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint axis. The monoclonal antibodies currently used also have several limitations. Their large size reduces their penetration into tumors, they can cause immune-related adverse effects, and their production remains costly. In some aggressive forms linked to chronic intestinal inflammation—such as colitis-associated colorectal cancer—these treatments are often largely ineffective.
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Scientific reference
Chu W-M, Ma L, Hew B, Sugawara A, Wengrill R, Guarary A, et al. Immunotherapy against colorectal cancer via delivery of anti-PD-L1 nanobody mRNA. eGastroenterology. 2025;3(3):e100106.
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